1  概述
      建筑(zhu)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統是將建筑(zhu)與(yu)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)結合的(de)一種新型的(de)能源綜合利(li)用(yong)方(fang)式，太(tai)陽(yang)能電(dian)(dian)(dian)池連接并封裝在(zai)不(bu)同的(de)基(ji)材(cai)上(shang)構成組(zu)件(jian)(jian)，組(zu)件(jian)(jian)經串并聯方(fang)式組(zu)成光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)方(fang)陣(zhen)，光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)方(fang)陣(zhen)輸(shu)出的(de)直流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)經經過直流(liu)(liu)(liu)匯流(liu)(liu)(liu)、逆變(bian)，轉變(bian)為交流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)并入電(dian)(dian)(dian)網。針(zhen)對光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)每個環節電(dian)(dian)(dian)力參(can)數(shu)檢(jian)測的(de)需(xu)要，安科瑞公司推出了AGF系(xi)(xi)列(lie)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)匯流(liu)(liu)(liu)采集裝置、PZ系(xi)(xi)列(lie)直流(liu)(liu)(liu)檢(jian)測儀表及ACR系(xi)(xi)列(lie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力質(zhi)量分(fen)析(xi)儀，分(fen)別應用(yong)于(yu)匯流(liu)(liu)(liu)箱(xiang)、直流(liu)(liu)(liu)柜(ju)(ju)及交流(liu)(liu)(liu)柜(ju)(ju)中，通過Acrel-2000 V8.0建筑(zhu)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)監控(kong)系(xi)(xi)統實(shi)現(xian)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池、匯流(liu)(liu)(liu)箱(xiang)、直流(liu)(liu)(liu)柜(ju)(ju)、逆變(bian)器、交流(liu)(liu)(liu)柜(ju)(ju)等運行參(can)數(shu)和狀態(tai)數(shu)據采集，進行監視、控(kong)制(zhi)和調整，以提(ti)高發電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統的(de)效率。

        對(dui)于小型單相(xiang)發(fa)電系統，設備(bei)(bei)可以選用(yong)AMI-250微(wei)型逆變器、AMI-C微(wei)逆集(ji)(ji)中(zhong)管理(li)單元、交流(liu)柜、ACR330ELH交流(liu)測(ce)量儀(yi)表(biao)等(deng)設備(bei)(bei)；對(dui)于組(zu)串(chuan)式(shi)并網發(fa)電系統設備(bei)(bei)可選用(yong)ASI-xx并網逆變器、AZX-H交流(liu)匯流(liu)箱、AZG-B光(guang)(guang)伏并網柜等(deng)設備(bei)(bei)；對(dui)于集(ji)(ji)中(zhong)式(shi)光(guang)(guang)伏發(fa)電系統可選用(yong)APV-M直流(liu)匯流(liu)箱、APG直流(liu)防雷(lei)柜等(deng)設備(bei)(bei)。
2  光伏發電監測系統組(zu)網示(shi)意圖

光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)方(fang)式有單相(xiang)(xiang)并(bing)(bing)網發(fa)電(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統、三相(xiang)(xiang)組(zu)(zu)(zu)串(chuan)并(bing)(bing)網發(fa)電(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統、三相(xiang)(xiang)集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)并(bing)(bing)網發(fa)電(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統。其中(zhong)(zhong)，單相(xiang)(xiang)并(bing)(bing)網發(fa)電(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統由(you)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏組(zu)(zu)(zu)件(jian)、交流(liu)配電(dian)(dian)箱、單相(xiang)(xiang)并(bing)(bing)網光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏逆變器、計(ji)量儀(yi)表、通信監控、連接(jie)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)等(deng)組(zu)(zu)(zu)成(cheng)，適(shi)用于(yu)小型(xing)(xing)建筑(zhu)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統，例如(ru)家庭屋頂光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統、小型(xing)(xing)商用光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統，裝機容量一(yi)般小于(yu)10kW；三相(xiang)(xiang)組(zu)(zu)(zu)串(chuan)并(bing)(bing)網發(fa)電(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統由(you)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏組(zu)(zu)(zu)件(jian)、組(zu)(zu)(zu)串(chuan)式光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏并(bing)(bing)網逆變器、交流(liu)配電(dian)(dian)柜、連接(jie)線(xian)纜(lan)等(deng)組(zu)(zu)(zu)成(cheng)，適(shi)用于(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)型(xing)(xing)建筑(zhu)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統，各(ge)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏組(zu)(zu)(zu)串(chuan)允(yun)許(xu)安裝朝向不(bu)(bu)同(tong)、規格不(bu)(bu)同(tong)，發(fa)電(dian)(dian)量一(yi)般在10~200KW；三相(xiang)(xiang)集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)并(bing)(bing)網發(fa)電(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統由(you)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏組(zu)(zu)(zu)件(jian)、直流(liu)匯流(liu)箱、直流(liu)配電(dian)(dian)柜（可選）、集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)式光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏并(bing)(bing)網逆變器、交流(liu)配電(dian)(dian)柜、并(bing)(bing)網柜、升壓裝置、連接(jie)線(xian)纜(lan)等(deng)組(zu)(zu)(zu)成(cheng)，適(shi)用電(dian)(dian)壓為380V或升壓至(zhi)10KV及(ji)以上的大型(xing)(xing)廠房類屋頂發(fa)電(dian)(dian)項目，一(yi)般發(fa)電(dian)(dian)量在200~1000KW。

單相并網發電系統

三(san)相組串式并網發電系統

三相集中式(shi)并(bing)網發電系統

 3  光伏發電監測(ce)系統(tong)組網示(shi)意(yi)圖

建筑光(guang)伏發電監控(kong)系(xi)統組網方式靈活，支(zhi)持星(xing)型(xing)單機(ji)單網、星(xing)型(xing)雙機(ji)雙網、光(guang)纖環(huan)網。星(xing)型(xing)單機(ji)單網適用于系(xi)統設備數少、規模小(xiao)，值班(ban)室或(huo)監控(kong)中心距離(li)低壓(ya)(ya)或(huo)者高壓(ya)(ya)室比較近，可(ke)靠(kao)(kao)性(xing)要求一般(ban)的(de)項(xiang)目(mu)；環(huan)型(xing)光(guang)纖雙機(ji)單網適合(he)可(ke)靠(kao)(kao)性(xing)要求較高、分站(zhan)之間要求相(xiang)互影響較小(xiao)、可(ke)擴展(zhan)性(xing)要求一般(ban)的(de)項(xiang)目(mu)；星(xing)型(xing)光(guang)纖雙機(ji)雙網適合(he)可(ke)靠(kao)(kao)性(xing)要求很(hen)高、分站(zhan)之間要求相(xiang)互影響小(xiao)、可(ke)擴展(zhan)性(xing)要求很(hen)高的(de)項(xiang)目(mu)。

單機單網

星型雙機雙網

環形光纖雙機雙網

 4  軟件(jian)界面
系統運行主畫面
監(jian)控系統提(ti)供功(gong)能(neng)選擇畫面，并對(dui)光伏陣(zhen)列現場環(huan)境(jing)進(jin)行實時(shi)監(jian)測(ce)與(yu)顯示(shi)，如(ru)室外溫(wen)度(du)值(zhi)、濕(shi)度(du)百分比、光照度(du)及(ji)陣(zhen)列表面溫(wen)度(du)值(zhi)等(deng)；

匯流監測系統畫面
監控系統可(ke)分區域實(shi)時監測各光伏陣列的充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)及(ji)電(dian)(dian)流、蓄電(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)及(ji)溫度(du)等信息，并對故障點進行異常顯示(shi)與(yu)報警提(ti)示(shi)；

逆變器監測畫面
監控系統可繪制(zhi)顯(xian)示(shi)逆變(bian)器電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)—時間曲線(xian)(xian)、功(gong)率—時間曲線(xian)(xian)等，直流(liu)側輸入電(dian)(dian)流(liu)實(shi)時曲線(xian)(xian)、交流(liu)側逆變(bian)輸出電(dian)(dian)流(liu)曲線(xian)(xian)，并采(cai)集與顯(xian)示(shi)日發(fa)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)等電(dian)(dian)參量(liang)；

事件記錄監測畫面
監控系統可針對光伏(fu)發(fa)電現場的各種事(shi)件進(jin)(jin)行記(ji)(ji)錄，如：通訊(xun)采集異(yi)常、開關變位、操(cao)作記(ji)(ji)錄等，時間記(ji)(ji)錄支持按類型查詢(xun)，并(bing)可對越限報警(jing)進(jin)(jin)行更改設置；

曲線、棒圖分析畫面
監控(kong)系統對光伏發電的發電量(liang)可形成月棒(bang)圖及年度棒(bang)圖顯(xian)示，并(bing)折算(suan)成二氧(yang)化(hua)碳、二氧(yang)化(hua)硫減排量(liang)值；并(bing)可查看(kan)太陽輻射強(qiang)度趨勢曲線、風速(su)變化(hua)趨勢曲線顯(xian)示；